Japanese Name Titles

In Japan, most people refer to each other by their last names rather than their first. First names are only often used for children and close friends and family. In most other cases including neighbors, workplaces, and acquaintances, the last name is used with the appropriate title following the name. The title used depends on the persons gender, social status, and occupation.

The most common and neutral title is "san". This can be used for both men and women and is appropriate in most cases including teachers addressing their students, among co-workers, and neighbors.

"Sama" is a more polite form of "san". This would be used when addressing a boss or somewhat of much higher social status. In most cases though, this would be a bit much.

"Kun" and "chan" are used for young boys and girls respectively. It is used in preschool and younger elementary grade children. It can also be used by relatives, grandparents, or friends when referring to other children.

"Sensei" is used specifically for teachers and doctors.